Effect of Endurance and Resistance Training On Plasma Omentin-1 Levels in Male Rats

Backgrounds and Omentin is a member of adipokines secreted from visceral adipose tissue which increaseS insulin sensitivity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of endurance and resistance training on plasma omentin-1 levels in male rats.
In this experimental study, twenty-four Wistar male rats¬ with average weight¬ of 220±20 gr were acclimatized with lab condition and then randomly divided into three groups of Control (C), Resistance training (RT) and Endurance training (ET). Endurance training group underwent an endurance training program for eight weeks (five bouts per week of treadmill running each 60min with 20 m/min). Resistance training group was subjected to a three-day per week resistance training program consisting of climbing a ladder carrying a load suspended from the tail. At the end of the experimental period, blood samples were taken to assess plasma omentin-1, insulin and glucose levels. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and statistical significance was set at P>0.05.
The results showed that endurance training significantly increased plasma omentin-1 levels and decreased plasma insulin and glucose levels while plasma omentin-1 and insulin levels did not change significantly in the resistance group.
Endurance training was more effective on omentin-1 levels than resistance training. Either training programs inhibited weight gain observed in the control group. It might be hypothesized omentin-1 contributes to metabolic effects of exercise training.