Use of Bioinformatics Tools to Study Myostatin Protein

Myostatin gene belongs to the family of transforming growth factors (TGF-β), which in growth and development and maturation and specifically is expressed in adult skeletal muscle development. In this study protein amino acid sequence of Myostatin in various species, including cow, sheep, goats, horses, pigs, chickens, turkeys, ducks, goose, Columba, rats, and humans was investigated using by Bioinformatics tools. In alignment of the final section of Myostatin protein (active form of Myostatin protein that is expressed as a dimer), high degree of conservation was observed, so that the changes fluctuation in this section than the other parts of protein sequence, the least amount possible. Secondary structures such as alpha helices, beta sheets and three-dimensional structure of Myostatin proteins using specialized sites Proteus and Phyre2 was assessed. Amino acids leucine, lysine, isoleucine and glutamic acid in cow, sheep and goat showed the same frequency as compared with poultry, such as chicken, lots more. However, the frequency of the amino acid sequence of the protein myostatin in humans and pigs was moderate. Study of phylogenetic tree showed that difference between amino acid sequences among mentioned Myostatin species lead exposure in a group of birds was isolated from mammals. Investigation of 3-D structure showed that this gene is highly conserved across species.