Psychometric properties of the Looming Maladaptive Style Questionnaire (LMSQ-R) in a sample of Iranian population

The looming maladaptive style is a cognitive variable that increases the individual’s vulnerability to anxiety. Looming cognitive style is assessed by the Looming Maladaptive Style Questionnaire (LMSQ-R). This study investigated the structure, validity, consistency, and stability of a Farsi translation of the LMSQ-R in a sample of Iranian students. Three hundred and forty three students (152 men, 190 women) were included in this study. The participants completed the Looming Maladaptive Style Questionnaire-Revised (LMSQ-R), the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN), the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), and the Depression scale of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-42). Results provided evidence from factor analyses confirming a two-factor model of this scale (social and physical threat). Also, the results of partial correlations for assessing convergent and discriminant validity showed that LMSQ-R was independently associated with symptoms of generalized and social anxiety but it was not independently associated with depression. Furthermore, The LMSQ-R exhibited a good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. With respect to the findings of the present study, the Farsi version of the LMSQ-R has shown good psychometric properties in Iranian samples.