Explanation of the theoritical and Behavorial Values of Scientific Ethics among Students

This article has been resulted from a field survey; it aims to achieve the realities based on the conflict of theoretical and behavioral values regarding scientific ethics and to explain factors related to the level of the conflict of these values. A combined approach consisting of ethical theories based on survival law, utilititarianism, duty knowing, distributive justice, personal freedom, and conflict theories has been used to study the subject. Methodology used in this study is based on a field survey and its population is composed of PhD students in the fields of humanities, engineering and basic sciences from Shahid Beheshti University. One hundred ninety-six students were chosen by complete enumeration method and they were tested by a questionnaire with total validity of 80%, 81% and 82%. The results showed there is a conflict between the levels of theoretical and behavioral values regarding scientific ethics among students. 54/59 of them show the conflict over 50% and 45/40 of them show the relative conformity over 50%. There is a meaningful relationship (difference) between the students of these three fields (the conflict and the relative conformity) considering various factors, including: level of religious beliefs, awareness, knowledge and scientific level, kind of field of study, foresight, attention to behavioral results, responsibility for doing educational duties properly, achieving scientific rank compatible with effort, scientific promotion, scientific, economic and religious status of parents and students themselves, the quality and the way of their social relationship with their professors.