Effect of nano, chemical, and biological fertilizers on the yield and quality of sesame seeds under different irrigation regimes

In order to evaluate the effects of chemical, biological and nano fertilizers on the yield and quality traits (oil and protein) of sesame seeds in irrigation withholding conditions an experiment was conducted as a split plot factorial based on completely randomized blocks design with three replications at Shahed University during 2015-2016 growing season. Irrigation withholding levels (full irrigation (control) and irrigation withholding at 75 and 85 BBCH (Codes of phonological stages that are equivalent to 50% of flowering and seed ripening respectively) were assigned as main plot and different nitrogen combinations (Nitroxin, urea, and a mix of 50% Nitroxin plus urea), various combinations of potassium (no use, nano-potassium foliar application (2 per thousand), irrigated use of potassium dioxide (2 L ha−1) and soil application of nano-potassium (2 kg ha−1) were allocated in the subplots. The highest number of per-plant capsules (19.26 numbers) was observed with irrigation up to 50% seed ripening and the use of urea together with potassium nano chelate foliar application. The greatest grain yield and protein content and yield were obtained in irrigation up to 50% seed ripening in the absence of potassium fertilizer and nitroxin usage (1340.5, 276.53 kg ha−1 and 5-20 percent, respectively). The oil yield was utmost in irrigation up to 50% flowering and foliar application of potassium nano chelate together with the mixed system of 50% urea fertilizer plus nitroxin with average values of 47.96% and 550.46 kg ha−1, respectively. The use of nitroxin as a nano-bio-fertilizer and foliar application of chelated nano