MEDICAL SCIENCE HISTORICAL CIRCUIT IN ANCIENT IRAN WITH SURVEY TO SAMANID ERA

  Medicine is one the most important sciences of human knowledge and also it has communication with human life and survival and contains special position in the social institutes and organizations. Historical investigators relate medical science root to religion, mythology, traditions and human ceremonies and manners. In Avesta scripture, we can observe medical mythology scenes that show the attention of people in Ancient Iran to hygiene and medical patterns. According to the ancient case, medical science in the historical era faced basic changes. In Sasanid era, famous physicians such as Muhammad Ibn-e- Zakarya and Abu Ali Sina provided inevitable outcomes to sciences enrichment. So authors in current study investigated medical science position in Sasanid era. This study was analytical- descriptive. Related information of the subjects was gathered by library investigation and the information was analyzed in raw data after fishing. Used references according to primitive and last historical importance and validity were classified and evaluated. Samanids tried to survive the ancient symbols by continuing cultural affairs. Samanids survey is observable in the Iranian cultural roots, medical, literature, music, handcrafts, medicine and chemistry science. By browsing the remained documents from the ancient era, we can determine the importance of the medical training and knowledge. Attention to medical science training in Iran ancient era and next stages such as Sasanid era show Iranian civilization and cultural dynamic against other contemporary civilizations and cultures. The valuable work of Muhammad Ibn-e- Zakarya and Abu Ali Sina changed Sasanid medicine to international level. The main role of physicians is not forgotten in the cultural revival of medical science.