Molecular analysis of Fusarium culmorum isolates caused by crown and root rot of wheat by the SSR marker

Crown and root rot caused by Fusarium culmorum is one of the most important wheat diseases in Ilam. In order to determine genetic diversity, 66 samples were collected from wheat farms in different regions of Ilam province. The molecular test was carried out with a set of five pairs of SSR primers after purification and identification of the isolates. The SSR primers amplified a total of 25 alleles. The average allele number was 5.2 per each primer. The polymorphism index content value was the highest in primers F3 with 0.409 and the lowest in primers F11 with 0.179. Cluster analysis using the Neighbor-Joining method and Jaccard's coefficient in 50% similarity level divided the isolates into 18 groups. Results of AMOVA showed 78% of the genetic diversity related to isolates and 22% related to different geographical regions. Therefore, there is a high genetic similarity between isolates from different geographic regions. High genetic similarity can be attributed to the emigration of gene or genotype as a result of various factors.