Penal protection of nation’s rights

Third chapter of Iran Constitution ratified on 1979 refers to the “Nation’s rights”. In complementary text of former Constitution in Shah era one of the chapters referred to “Iran Nation’s rights” too. Article 570 of the Islamic Penal Code criminalizes the act of governmental authorities and officers who take away the personal freedom of the Nation against the Constitution or deprive them of their constitutional rights. In fact, this article provides penal sanction for breaching of some of nation’s rights. No doubt that the Nation’s rights are not restricted to what has been referred to in third chapter of the Constitution and also the penal sanction is not restricted to article 570. The current paper tries to consider different aspects of the case.