Historical analysis of the strategic principles of Ilkhanate ‘Abwab-al-berr’ cities’ structure With an approach of Carmona urban design indicators

SpThere are two general parts in the foundations of ilkhanate cities ‘Abwab-al-berr’ (Shanbe Qazan), Rab’e Rashidi and Soltanieh) including central core and the ‘shahrestan’ , which were constructed with a regular and pre-designed geometric appearance and essentially two perpendicular axes. One of the axes was the bazaar and the other axe was called ‘Mamer’ i.e. a path which led to the central core that was the religious zone in ‘Abwab-al-berr’ cities.Furthermore, the surrounding gardens in addition to the bulwark, had enclosed the outer limits of the city and formed them as city gardens.This article aims to explain the relation among principles of factors affecting the formation of ‘Abwab-al-berr’ cities foundation and to categorize the mentioned factors with the Carmona’s indicators.This historical research is based on precision in the context and tips of the historical texts using the content analysis method and with a contemporary approach to the analysis of the strategic principles of urban structure uses exploratory method.Although primary studies on reviewed ‘Abwab-al-berr’ cities represents differences like size, location and context, but a deeper analysis of indicators which form these cities, show us that considering philosophical approach and purpose of construction, All the three cities have similar principles with a unique goal and all of them are based on Islamic values and ‘waqf’ system. These principles, as spirit of the cities, beside physical features of the cities, lead the different spiritual and physical aspects of urban life.