Analyzing the methods of identifying road accidental points and choosing the optimal method

Corrective measures and road safety improvementsare in constant demand and, basically, the current approach to roadinfrastructure safety management considers these actions as inevitable andcompulsory. However, there is still no scientific tool available that is widelyused in the assessment of safety measures. Acknowledging that there is noabsolute safety and all transportation activities are subject to a percentage ofrisk. However, road safety management, with a focus on identifying andcorrecting incidental points, can propose actions and implementation plans tomaximize performance, prove the need for coordinated action and discuss thedevelopment stages and road safety improvements; Therefore, various methodshave been used to identify, rank and present an operational plan for road safety,and have also taken results.

This study uses a review and comparation method to investigatevarious types of accidental points methods.

Most methods perform their calculations based on reportedfrequencies for a location in the short term (one to three years) as an analysisperiod, resulting in a list of incident points or determining the basis forprioritizing them; However, it should be noted that the average reportedaccidents in some places are low and this abundance may be influenced by theaccidental nature of accidents (under the influence of random variables);Therefore, the use of experimental Bias (EB) methods is recommended toreduce these variations.

This study showed that, in addition to the number and frequency ofaccidents, intensity and other traffic variables should also be considered for theidentification of accidental points. The experimental Bias method (EB) is asuitable method for obtaining an accurate estimate for the occurrence ofaccidents at a specified location. Also, the time it takes to get information forexpanding the prediction model of accidents and identifying incident points isbetween three and five years.