Hypothesis in the Islamic Economic School with an Emphasis on the Martyr Sadr's Viewpoint in his Book “Eqtesadona”

The hypothesis is a conjecture about the relationships between variables, which turns to be a theory in case of validity. The necessity, position, characteristics, and types of hypotheses are the subject of debates among scholars. The necessity of the hypothesis, its features and types are needed to be examined in the Islamic school of economics, which has a comprehensive program of economic prosperity. Using a descriptive-analytical method and relying on the martyr Sadr's viewpoint this paper studies the role of theory in discovering the economic school of Islam. The findings show that, hypothesis has a fundamental status in jurisprudence that cannot be ignored. Hypothesis is also needed in the Islamic economic school. According to Martyr Sadr's viewpoint, in direct discovery, the hypothesis is obtained through five stages of integration, separation, preference, formulation, and composition of religious laws. In reverse discovery, the hypothesis is derived from Islamic concepts. These assumptions are stable, general, strategic, and passive propositions against the behavior of people, which is among the structures such as the theory of production and distribution, strategies like diversity of ownership and goals, such as social (economic) justice.