The Role of Second Homes in the Physical-Spatial Development of Rural Settlements Based on the Sustainable Livelihood Approach (Case Study of Mountainous Villages of Aliabad Katoul County)

Sustainable livelihood approach is one of the new approaches in rural development that has been proposed due to the inefficiency of classical approaches to rural development and poverty reduction in rural society. One of the strategies for livelihoods is rural tourism and its construction of second homes for tourism in these areas. Given that their second homes are physical and physically affect the village, their view of rural areas at first glance draws human attention. The overall objective of the present study is to investigate the role of second homes in the physical-spatial development of rural settlements based on the sustainable livelihood approach in the mountainous rural areas of Esterabad rural area of ​​Aliabad Katoul city. The present study was an applied one and for this purpose two methods of library and field research were used. The statistical population consisted of 6 villages with a population of 815 households that were studied in 158 questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Based on the assumptions of this study in the form of physical-environmental components, non-parametric tests of Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman, Mann-Whitney, WiFi / Kramer and independent parametric f test showed that the results of the tests indicate that the physical-physical effects of the second homes The community view is positive and appropriate. The willingness to participate among the villagers is also favorable. On the other hand, the expansion of tourism has created new vulnerabilities in the villages, most notably the contradiction and heterogeneity in the old texture of the village and the new texture of the second homes, the increase in the amount of uncontrolled and irregular construction in the area and the demolished tourist villages. The natural environment and the move towards urbanization are the rural landscape, especially in the construction of second homes.