Chemical Analysis and Identifying Dominant Essential Oils Compositions from Sage (Salvia officinalis L.)

Essential oils (EOs) are highly aromatic and volatile compounds obtained from plant material, which are also known as secondary plant metabolites. The plant active ingredients are produced under the control of genetic processes; however, its production in the plant varies under the influence of some environmental factors. Therefore, in the present study, the chemical analysis and identifies dominant essential oils compositions from Sage) Salvia officinalis L.) are investigated in Ardabil province, Iran. Sage plant (Salvia officinalis L.) were collected and After drying at room temperature, samples extracted by method of water, essential oils yield 0.5% was obtained. Chemical analysis of the collected Salvia officinalis species was performed using a gas chromatograph (GC) coupled to a mass spectrometer (MS). Chemical analysis results showed that the plant contains 114 secondary chemical components, among which Camphor Bicyclo [2.2.1] heptan, compound was identified as the predominant essential oil (14.47%). Comparing the study results with other samples collected from different parts of Iran and world reveals some significant similarities and differences in chemical structure and dominant composition of the medicinal plant. In addition, the geographical features and environmental conditions influence the change of secondary metabolites in various plants, Therefore, the researchers need to pay attention to this issue while identifying the plant essential oils.