The Qarakhanid Invasions of Bukhara and the Fall of the Samanid Government

The emergence of the Samanids in 287/900 followed the success of war in battle with the Saffarids, the Alawids of Tabarestan and some Turk’s tribes bordering the eastern of Khorasan and Transoxiana. However, the intensification of the arrogance of the armies from the fourth century disrupted the court affairs and governance of the Samanid government and made the ministers and the court obey the sword. The main question of this study is if the invasions of the Qarakhanids caused the collapse of the Samanids or the engendered stability of the Ghaznavid Turks? The findings of the study show that if we assume the fall of the Samanids as a blow from the commanders of Ale-Afrasiab, undoubtedly the bedrock of this collapse should be considered in the preparations of the Ghaznavid generals to eliminate the Iranian Samanids. The fall of Bukhara by the Qarakhanids was really influenced by the fall of Neishabour by the Ghaznavids. This problem of this study concerns the consolidation and strengthening of the Ghaznavids, not the Qarakhanids' invasions. It was the greed of the Ghaznavids that was aroused by the invasions of the Qarakhanids and provided the final excuse for the removal of the Samanids. Even the jurists of Transoxiana gradually confirmed the rule of the Ghaznavids. The Qatawan peace treaty clearly realized the real division of power between the Qarakhanids and the Ghaznavids on both sides of the Oxus. The research method is analytical-descriptive and documented to the main sources of the fourth and fifth centuries.