Assessing the physical vulnerabilities of metropolitan areas against terrorist threats (Case study: Kermanshah city)

Terrorist attacks are one of the biggest challenges in the world in the 21st century. Every year, thousands of people around the world die as a result of terrorist attacks. Meanwhile, metropolitan areas are one of the most important spaces where most terrorist attacks are organized and carried out, so that terrorism can be considered a fundamentally urban phenomenon. Iran and its major cities are also at risk of terrorist attacks due to regional characteristics and the existence of terrorist groups opposed to the regime. In the metropolis of Kermanshah, critical infrastructure, public places and centers of political power are potentially vulnerable to terrorist attacks. In this research, which has been done by descriptive-analytical method, while examining the geographical centers of terrorist attacks in metropolitan areas of the world, the most important places of this type of attacks and the extent of vulnerability of Kermanshah areas against terrorist attacks have been analyzed. . The results show that the infrastructure of Kermanshah refinery, water storage tanks and main tanks, tanks and warehouses of petrochemical and chemical materials, polluting industries (pollutants) of the environment along with residential areas and also the existence of some chemical production units as workshops in the city And the establishment of production units with the risk of pollution near the city due to physical-spatial features, population concentration, etc .; The most vulnerable infrastructure is to terrorist attacks