The rechargeable aluminum-ion battery with different composite cathodes: A review

Digital cameras, laptop computers, cellular phones, as well as many portable electronic devices require batter-ies for powering. Based on the electrolyte type, electrolytic batteries can be categorized into solid-based, liq-uid-based, and ionic-based batteries. Aluminum ion batteries (AIBs) have some promising properties such as low cost, high safety, and high specific volumetric capacity. Nevertheless, in order for AIBs to be extensively used, developing novel electrode materials possessing high energy density is required. This is mainly dependent on the cathode materials. However, these cathode materials have some drawbacks such as structural decomposition, low battery capacity, low discharge voltage, and volume expansion resulting from the intercalation of large-sized ions. Therefore, future research might concentrate on the investigation of cheaper electrolyte and novel cathode materials for enhancement of energy density and working voltage. This review focuses on the recently developed cathodes, particularly, composite cathode materials, including graphite, CuS, V2O5, Li3VO4@C, VS4/rGO, and Ni3S2/graphene.