Journal of Composites and Compounds
Volume:5 Issue: 15, Jun 2023

Because of their unique physical, chemical, and biological characteristics, conductive nanomaterials have a lot of potential for applications in materials science, energy storage, environmental science, biomedicine, sensors/biosensors, and other fields. Recent breakthroughs in the manufacture of carbon materials, conductive polymers, metals, and metal oxide nanoparticles based electrochemical sensors and biosensors for applications in environmental monitoring by detection of catechol (CC) and hydroquinone (HQ) are presented in this review. To achieve this goal, we first introduced recent works that discuss the effects of phenolic compounds and the need for accurate, inexpensive, and quick monitoring, and then we focused on the use of the most important applications of nanomaterials, such as carbon-based materials, metals, and metal oxides nanoparticles, and conductive polymers, to develop sensors to monitor catechol and hydroquinone. Finally, we identified challenges and limits in the field of sensors and biosensors, as well as possibilities and recommendations for developing the field for better future applications. Meanwhile, electrochemical sensors and biosensors for catechol and hydroquinone measurement and monitoring were highlighted and discussed particularly. This review, we feel, will aid in the promotion of nanomaterials for the development of innovative electrical sensors and nanodevices for environmental monitoring.

Perovskite materials have shown enormous potential in the field of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) due to their extraordinary optoelectronic properties. However, their widespread commercial adoption has been hampered by stability issues. This review article examines the difficulties associated with perovskite stability and the potential of inorganic perovskite composites in addressing this important issue. By analyzing a variety of research on organic perovskite composites, we shed light on the effect of diverse composite materials on the properties and performance of perovskites. The objective of this review is to examine the potential of Inorganic perovskite composites as a viable solution to enhance the stability of inorganic perovskite-based LEDs. Through a comprehensive review of the research conducted on organic perovskite composites, we discuss their impact on the stability, efficiency, and durability of perovskite LEDs. The review concludes with a summary of the key findings and their implications, emphasizing the significance of Inorganic perovskite composites as a promising avenue for achieving stable and high-performance LEDs. This article aims to provide valuable insights for researchers and industry professionals working towards the development of advanced perovskite-based optoelectronic devices.

Photocatalytic materials for photocatalysis is recently proposed as a promising strategy to address environmental remediation. Metal-free graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), is an emerging photocatalyst in radical based advanced oxidation processes. g-C3N4 is a popular two-dimensional (2D) photocatalyst with numerous advantages, such as visible light response, low cost, and high stability. This review outlines the preparation and characterization of g-C3N4 based photocatalysts and presents their representative applications in water and wastewater treatment (e.g., removal of of Ciprofloxacin, Acetaminophen, and Carbamazepine). Meanwhile, the different modification approaches, such as nanocomposites and heterojunctions, as well as doping and defect introductions, are briefly discussed. In addition, the corresponding mechanisms and relevant findings are discussed. Finally, the challenges and research needs in the future and application of g-C3N4 based hybrid membranes are highlighted.

The objective of this research was to gain insight into the composition and nanostructure of two shale formations, Sargelu and Asmari. Among the techniques used are X-ray diffractometry (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), FESEM focused ion beam (FIB), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). According to the XRD results, the main components of both shales were calcite, quartz, and kaolinite. CaO, SiO2, and Fe2O3 were the most common components in both reservoirs, according to the XRF analysis, while P2O5, SrO, and MoO3 were only found in the Asmari formation. According to the TGA study, organic matter and other proba-ble carbonate components comprised 37% of the Sargelu and 40.5% of the Asmari shales. The organic functional groups were detected using FTIR in both samples. Subsequently, various microscopy techniques were utilized to examine different pores, cracks, and nanostructures in each formation.

Recently, there has been an increase in the ability to adjust the optical band gap and enhance the brightness of luminescence in nanophosphors that are utilized in light-emitting diodes and detectors. In this study, a dual oxide composite of erbium-doped lead tungstate/Ag-doped zinc oxide (PWO: Er/ZnO: Ag) heterostructures have been synthesized via a simple chemical method, and the structural and optical properties have been investigated. The effect of excitation wavelength (Landa Landaex) and excitation source was studied on the luminescence properties of the synthesized composite nanoparticle (NPs) at room temperature. Under UV illumination, doped nanocomposite demonstrated strong emission in the blue-green region compared to the pure sample at Landa Landaex=270-280 nm. XRD and EDX results confirmed the existence of PWO and ZnO in the dual composite structure along with the related components. The results demonstrate that mixed-dimensional heterostructures could be developed for high-performance optoelectronic devices using this method.

In recent years, the development of research and technology has provided us with different approaches which show how cancer works and how is it possible to develop different methods of treatment. Nanotechnology and nano-carriers have shown a promising approach toward the treatment of different types of cancer. Nano-carriers based targeted drug delivery have different forms such as lipid-based, polymeric-based, inorganic-based, and hybrid-based, each of them is unique in structure, size, function and ability to deliver the drugs. Therapeutic substances can be used with the help of the applied modifications to the nano-carriers. These particles have shown significant benefits such as effectiveness, safety, low toxicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability and the improved quality of the treatment. The therapeutic properties of the nano-carriers can be regulated. This can help to provide an effective treatment in a patient with a specific diagnosed disease. The treatments can be administered either orally, intravenously or by combined route. The overall results of the use of nano-carriers have certainly created an interesting approach and created an opportunity for new treatments that improve the patient’s profile.

The scientific community has developed new technologies, including solar cells (SCs), to meet global energy demands. SCs convert solar energy into electrical energy, providing renewable, sustainable, and green energy. Despite the availability of PV systems for many years, power generation through SC technology remains costly due to the low conversion efficiency (CE). Their low CE is due to limitations in semiconducting materials. In the present review, the basic mechanism of SC and techniques for modify SC have been discussed. The main focus of this review is to given an overview about the bimetallic materials and their application in SC. Bimetallic materials consist of two metallic components that can be synthesized using different methods. They exhibit exceptional properties, including improved electrical conductivity, tunable electrochemical activity, and high charge capacity compared to monometallic materials, making them promising candidates for use as electrochemical catalysts and photocatalysts. Various types of bimetallic composites and compounds, such as, oxides, phosphide, sulfide and carbon-based bimetallic composites is explained in the context of their compositions, synthesis techniques and their power generation efficiency. In the last portion of review, the importance of bimetallic materials in SC application with their possible promising research direction and challenges are presented.