Copenhagen school as an analytical framework for the political - security cooperation of Tehran and Damascus (2011 – 2020)

The strategic region of West Asia since, due to the formation of popular movements and waves of freedom, has witnessed deep and devastating momentums since 2011 in the form of developments called the Islamic awakening. Among the countries that have experienced these developments, Syria has been considered as one of the most important centers of geopolitical gravity in West Asia, because it is the central core and the balance pyramid between the old and new alignments of the region. Remarkably, long before the beginning of the Syria political-economic crisis, Tehran, due to issues related to the axis of resistance and the need for playing a role in line with the ideals of the Islamic revolution of Iran, as well as maintaining and strengthening its allies in the region, had special orientations in relation to this strategic land that has gained special importance in terms of political geography in the West Asian region. Given these cases, this article adopts a descriptive-analytical method and attempts to answer the innovative question: "What are the items that affect the Islamic republic of Iran's activism in the light of the political-security crisis in Syria?". The hypothesis raised by the above question is influenced by the Syrian internal crisis and the activity type of the "Western –Arabic - Hebrew" axis, and apart from the aggregation of the dimensions considered by the Copenhagen school, which poses fundamental challenges to Syria's economic, political, military, social and environmental security, the regional security of Tehran has also faced deep threats such as weakening the axis of resistance, the formation of discourse conflicts, the escalation of sectarian-religious tensions, as well as the geographical spread of the conflict in the region. Therefore, Tehran considers the strategy of alliance with Syria as an opportunity through which it can pursue its national interests by confronting oppositional governmental and quasi-governmental groups, while expanding its regional power and strengthening its national security.