Gradation in Terms of Relation Based on Avicenna’s Viewpoint

In logic, Avicenna recognizes a set of words - such as priority and posteriority- that have differences in being predicated on their individuals and are graded concepts. He calls such words" absolute graded" and introduces another set as "relative graded". From his examples and statements that he applied in the discussions, we concluded that: relative graded is a set of words whose individuals are common in relation to a source or end, but differ in terms of proximity and distance from that source or end. Despite absolute graded that is in existence, this type belongs to quiddities. In this study, we would explain and analyze the absolute and relative gradation in Avicenna's view and their role in Islamic philosophy and logic. Also, we would examine the criteria and principles of these two types of gradation.