Mulla Sadra on Contingent-God Samadi Relation (a critical assessment)

Allah had called Himself Samad in the Qur'an. In Arabic language, Samad means the All-Rich, the Eternal, the Everlasting, the Constant, the Impenetrable, and the Besought of all, altogether so that He leaves no room for any other. The contingent beings, however, are in terms of their multitude seen by the sense perception and the intellect. That how we can relate the Samadi existence of Allah to the multitude contingent beings is an issue dealt with by the theologians.     Different theories have been suggested such as, the personal unity of existence, the graded unity of existence, and the dichotomy of God and creatures. Having rationally demonstrated the mystics' theory of personal unity of existence, Mulla Sadra claims that he has accomplished theosophy and completed metaphysics. His explanation associates issues such as the compatibility and incompatibility of personal unity with the foundations of his transcendent philosophy, that whether his graded unity theory is identical with his personal unity or which the mystics claim, and that how far the rational arguments for personal unity are authentic. The examination of the above issues demonstrates that no room is left for Mulla Sadra but to embrace personal unity through the mystics' explanation.