The effect of climatic factors on the architecture of Ghiasiye School in Khargard, Khawaf

Climate, as an influential factor in human comfort, has always been a focus of attention, and urban buildings and textures have largely been aligned with it. Traditional architects have also sought to create a space that, given the conditions of its time, can bring about human physical comfort. Therefore, the role of climate in the formation of the body can be acknowledged. The Ghiasiye School is a reminder of the Timuri era, located in the village of Khargerd, a suburb of Khawaf. Khawaf city in Razavi Khorasan has a desert climate with hot summers and cold and relatively dry winters. Recognizing the harsh conditions of this climate, it seems that the only way to deal with it, for the sake of human thermal comfort, is to pay special attention to the climate characteristics of the region. Given that decoding the sustainability of indigenous architecture from past to present has always been a topic of interest to scholars, the main research question is to what extent climate has played a role in the physical formation and organization of Ghiasiye school spaces? This paper reviews and analyzes the architecture of the school based on climatic characteristics using a descriptiveanalytical method and a library data collection tool, and in particular a field survey. The results of this study showed that these characteristics are, in most cases, the only important factor in the formation of body and space and in some cases have had a significant impact. In fact, according to the climate characteristics of the area, the architect has provided smart architectural solutions to optimally provide the residents with thermal comfort.