The Independence of Judges under the Iranian Judiciary System

The independence of judges beside their impartiality is significant guarantees in insuring a fair trial. The independence of judges calls for their full liberty to issue a judgment taking into account only the relevant facts and laws, without being under inappropriate intervention and pressures from other governmental or non-governmental agencies. It requires a system in which selection, employment and promotion of the judges are all designed to secure their full job security.  A careful examination of the relevant laws and regulations would reveal the fact that despite one century of the legislative history, the independence of the judges has not been appreciated as such.