Compensation for damages resulting from the detention of innocent persons (Emphasizing on the role of Law Enforcement officers)

The impermissibility of the detention of individuals is a fundamental rule based on the principle of respect for their freedom. But sometimes the detention of citizens suspected of committing crimes under the law is necessary to protect public order and interests. Some detainees face a restraining order or an acquittal after a preliminary investigation and justice requires that the damage done to them during detention be compensated. Many countries have specific measures and measures in place to compensate for unjustified or unjustified detention. The fundamental question is what is the extent of the responsibility of the government, the judiciary or judicial officers in compensating for the wrongful detention?

The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical and the legal context and procedures for seeking compensation for unjustified detention will be analyzed and evaluated and through it, the existing challenges in the Iranian criminal justice system will be revealed.

Detention of persons is carried out by order of a judicial official and by judicial officers. The principle of judicial independence requires law enforcement officers and other judicial officers to prescribe a detention order as legal. However, after the issuance of a restraining order or acquittal of the detainee on the charge for which he was detained, the damages resulting from the detention must be compensated. The main challenge in compensating innocent detainees is the lack of a precise criterion for assessing the extent of the damage and how to compensate. The results of this study indicate that there is no precise and convincing criterion for determining and evaluating the amount of damage inflicted on persons whose innocence is proven after detention.