The Feasibility of the Environmental Strategy of Zero Carbon City in Shahrekord

One of the most important environmental issues is global climate change caused by the accumulation of greenhouse gases. In today's technological society, with the expansion of industrial activities, the increase in population growth, and urbanization, and the need for greater utilization of limited natural resources, pollution is increasing, especially in developing countries that do not have high technology to reduce air pollution and emission of pollutants. One of the most important of these pollutants is the role of greenhouse gas pollution. Greenhouse gases, including vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen dioxide, monoxide, and ozone, which are natural emissions, are important for survival and only when their concentrations exceed the permissible limit. But it is human activity that has increased the levels of many of these gases. Iran is one of the first greenhouse-gas producing countries to change its temperature pattern, reduce water resources, increase seas, degrade coastal areas, destroy crops and food, destroy forests, alternate and intensify droughts. Greenhouse gases are naturally occurring in the atmosphere, but human activities and pollution caused by these activities increase the amount of gases abruptly. One of the new strategies for urban environmental sustainability and pollution control is the zero-carbon city, which is necessary for the sustainable development and development of each city.

The present study is of theoretical, practical, and descriptive-analytical research methodology. The main objective of the study is to investigate the feasibility of the environmental strategy of the Zero-carbon city in Shahrekord. In this research, after the extraction of the indices, the Anp-Dematil combination method is the most important criterion and the environmental indicator of the Zero-carbon city in Shahrekord. Then, IPCC software was used to measure the ecological footprint in Shahrekord and was used for mapping the carbon dioxide dispersion map from the spatial satellite GIS Arc applications.

The results of the present study indicate that the relative weights of indicators in Shahrekord have an environmental creativity index of 0.298, and urban design with a weight of 0.229 is among the most important and most stable index. The energy index with a weight of 0.107 is considered the most unstable index. The environmental index was recognized in this city. Also, to determine the ecological footprint of Shahrekord's carbon dioxide emissions per year (2018), 4.51 tons of carbon dioxide emissions are used. This amount is higher than the world scale, which is 4.47 tons and is lower compared to the Iranian scale, which is 6.76 tons per year.

The IPCC results showed that the energy index had the highest carbon dioxide production, increasing over a five-year period from 380983 tons in 2013 to 497237 tons in 2018 years, with transport reaching 119561 tons in 2013 to 275363 tons in 2018. Industry ranks third, from 24,292 tons in the year 2013 to 43,409 tons in 2018, and lastly from 5799 tons in 2013 to 12,136 tons in 2018. The crop has been the agricultural index which has declined from 36542 tons in 2013 to 25284 tons in 2018. Finally, using the national and international carbon dioxide emissions figures from the 2015 International Energy Agency report, we can say that Shahrekord's carbon dioxide emissions per capita in 2014 is 4.51 tons compared to the world scale of 4.47 tons. It is higher and lower than the Iranian scale of 6.76 tons per year. The results showed that the carbon footprint in Shahrekord is above the global average and lower than the Iranian average. Besides, the ecological footprint of carbon in Shahrekord is above the global average and below the Iranian average. The use of environmental strategies such as increasing urban green space and replacing renewable energy sources with fossil fuels in the city can be inadequate to reach the low carbon city in Shahrekord.