Human rights and citizenship in the Islamic government based on the legal and political thought of Ayatollah Hashemi Shahroudi

Citizenship is a strategic issue in democratic political systems and in the last decade it has been widely reflected in international charters and documents of international law. For this reason, in order to gain international legitimacy, different countries have prepared documents and centers for citizenship rights. Citizenship rights have been introduced in Western literature and international law, but they have a much longer history than the legal documents of international organizations; because the history of Islam is full of rulings based on human rights and the divine teachings emphasize the all-encompassing rights of individuals. Given the differences of opinion and interpretation on citizenship rights in different political systems, this article tries to examine the rights of citizens from the perspective of an Iranian judicial official who has played an important role in the institutionalization and development of the judiciary in the field of civil rights regulations in Iran. Ayatollah Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi while working in the highest judicial position in Iran, he has had numerous thoughts and speeches about civil and human rights which can help to better understand what citizenship rights are in the laws of the Islamic Republic. Therefore, using library studies and analyticaldescriptive method, we try to answer the question that: what is the meaning ,examples and requirements of citizenship rights in the Islamic government based on the political and legal ideas of Ayatollah Hashemi Shahroud? The hypothesis of the article is that Citizenship rights are one of the strategic and fundamental rights in the Islamic government, which according to the divine teachings and commands of Islam is necessary for the excellence of society. Avoiding the components and examples of human rights, accompanies the society with many internal and external problems and damages.