Job Crafting and the Role of Self-efficacy and Engagement in the Academic Jobs

Job crafting is the process of making proactive changes in the boundariescomposing a job, which are known as mental fences that individuals adopt to define their job’sphysical, emotional, or cognitive limitations. Job crafting considers the change in the natureof jobs, whether realistically in the form of task crafting and relational crafting, or as cognitiveperceptions. In this study, the role of self-efficacy as the antecedent and work engagement asthe consequence of job crafting was studied.

The jobs were academic and the sample was selected from faculty members ofShiraz University of Medical Sciences. The research questionnaires were distributed amongfaculty members of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. A PLS model is analyzed andinterpreted in two stages: the assessment of the reliability and validity of the measurementmodel, and the assessment of the structural model.

The results showed that self-efficacy was positively related to all dimensions ofjob crafting. Moreover, the triple dimensions of job crafting had a significant positiveeffect on work engagement. The moderating role of gender and academic level in therelationship between self-efficacy and work engagement was confirmed. However, theresults showed that gender did not moderate the relationship between self-efficacy andtask crafting.

The main novelty of this research is the study of job crafting, self-efficacy andengagement variables considering the moderating role of gender and academic level.