The effect of exosomes derived from bone marrow stem cells on the levels of estradiol and testosterone secreted from the ovarian granulosa cells of immature NMRI mice

The problem of infertility in the world today has become a social concern and can cause severe psychological trauma to couples. One of the most important ovarian cells are granulosa cells that affect the growth and maturation of oocytes. Exosomes are a special class of extracellular vesicles that can trigger cellular responses by signaling to cells. The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the secretion of estradiol and testosterone in granulosa cells treated with exosomes secreted from bone marrow stem cells. In this study, bone marrow stem cells were cultured and the culture medium of cells containing exosomes was collected. Subsequently, the presence and diameter of exosomes were examined using atomic force microscopy and electron microscopy. Finally, the concentration of hormones secreted from granulosa cells was assessed by ELISA method. The results obtained by atomic force microscopy and electron microscopy confirmed the presence of exosomes with an approximate diameter of 70 nm and also treatment of mice ovarian granulosa cells with exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells increased the secretion of estradiol and testosterone by these cells. The results of this study confirm the effect of exosomes derived from bone marrow on the secretion of sex hormones and the effect on fertility