A model to assess driver hazard sensitivity

Many accidents would have been prevented or less severe if the driver responded on time. One of the main stages before a driver responds is to perceive the hazard. Various variables affect drivers' hazard perception and detection, many of which are driver characteristics. In this research, it was assumed that driver characteristics, such as demographic and cognitive characteristics and lifestyle features, have an impact on driver hazard perception. In this regard, a driving simulator study was conducted and different hazard scenarios of rural road were developed. Finally, a quantitative index and a structural equation model were proposed to determine the relationship between hazard perception and driver characteristics. The results showed that the most effective variables are the kilometer-driven in the past three years as well as daytime (day or night) of the driving scenario. In addition, better memory and decision making abilities can improve driver hazard perception. The results of this study will also be used to design and develop driving tests after training or rehabilitation processes, and can be used for measuring the sensitivity of drivers to pedestrian crashes, animals and constant obstacles, especially for young and inexperienced drivers.