Ethno-ecological Knowledge, Classification and Nomonization of Rangeland Areas from the View Point of Utilizers

Indigenous knowledge is knowledge that originates from a specific geographical area and is naturally produced and includes a collection of the best, most useful and adaptable ways of exploiting and living in its own environment. Ethnoecology, as one of the branches of this knowledge, is a method of examining the relationship between human beings and their environment that emphasizes the role of human cognition and knowledge in his regular and regular interaction with nature. The aim of this study was to investigate the indigenous knowledge of the farmers of Goghar region in the field of basics of division and naming of rangelands, soils as well as the local calendar. Data collection tools in this study included free interview, semi-structured interview and participatory observation. Interviews were conducted using snowball methods from local experts in the area. Finally, from the information obtained from the interviews, notes were extracted and key concepts were extracted from their native knowledge. The findings show that local people are fully aware of their surroundings and its components and elements; As they are able to divide rangelands into 9 categories according to various factors such as climate, sun and shade, features and unevenness, soil type, altitude and temperature, vegetation, humidity, land use and dominance of an environmental factor and separate soils based on material, color and depth. They also consider divisions in relation to time, which include both a year and a day, and carry out their work accordingly. Thus, it is clear that the knowledge of local communities from their surroundings is very wide and includes various aspects.