A Study of the Aspects of Realism in Shahla Al-Ajili's novel " Saif ma al-Adu "

Realism as a literary school was formed in the nineteenth century, is not a decal of reality, because it shows the reality through the artist's consciousness, so the difference between realism and romanticism is revealed, romanticism expresses the mentality of the artist, while consciousness is different from subjectivism, and according to Lucien Goldman's theory, is the embodiment of a perspective in accordance with the perspective of some people. Elements of realism include objectivism, representation of contemporary life, typology, and the illusion of reality. The novel "Saif ma al-Adu", which has been studied analytically, is a realistic novel; That depicts the contemporary life in al-Raqqa over three generations, depicted in three women, a grandmother, a mother and a daughter. Lamis, the main character, a forty-year-old woman, took refuge in Germany after the war, now narrates the events of the past, therefore, the image she paints is real and the result of lived experience. Although all elements play a role in the realism of the text, characters, themes, and descriptions of places and objects play a greater role. Finally, the author has been able to make the story believable to the reader, creating an object-oriented picture of the lives of community-derived characters.