Effects of Resistant Starch Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Liver Enzymes and Calcium Homeostasis in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Considering high prevalence of type 2 diabetes and predisposition of obesity to metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases, the aim of the present study was to investigate effects of starch resistance on cardiometabolic factors, liver enzymes and calcium homeostasis in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.

In this clinical trial, 70 obese patients with type 2 diabetes were assigned to one of the two major groups. The experimental group received 10g/d resistant starch and the control group received 10 g/d maltodextrins for three months. Anthropometric measurements, body composition, blood pressure, hs-CRP, serum lipids, calcium homeostasis and liver enzymes were assessed at the baseline and end of the study. Unpaired sample Student’s t test and analysis of covariance were used to compare the quantitative variables between the groups.

Supplementation with resistant starch led to significant changes in total cholesterol (TC) (- 16.96%), triglyceride (TG) (-16.85%), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) (-14.90%), TC/HDL-c ratio (-25.91%), LDL-c/HDL-c ratio (-26.00%), plasma atherogenic index (-17.85%), hsCRP (-53.03%), alkaline phosphatase concentration (-13.74%), calcium (6.99%) and alanine aminotransferase (-10.98%) in resistant starch group, compared to maltodextrin group (p < 0.05). Decreases in waist to hip ratio, diastolic blood pressure, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, phosphorus, creatinine and uric acid and increases in high density lipoprotein chelestrol (HDL-c) were not significant in resistant starch group, compared to maltodextrin group.

Possibly, resistant starch prebiotics help control of metabolic disorders of type 2 diabetes and its complications via modulating cardiometabolic risk factors, liver enzymes and calcium homeostasis in obese type 2 diabetics.