A Comparative Study of the Comprehensiveness of the Quran from the Perspective of Moghniyeh and Shaltut

In the present era, comparative study in Islamic research between different denominations, especially Shiites and Sunnis, is one of the important study methods that in addition to recognizing the views of the two sects on Islamic issues, has a special role in providing a suitable solution for resolving differences and approximating Islamic denominations. One of these main and fundamental issues is the comprehensiveness of the Quran. Islamic scholars from ancient to modern times have explained this basis by referring to verses and hadiths and have expressed different views about the realm of the comprehensiveness of the Quran. Using the descriptive-analytical method, this research has comparatively explored the comprehensiveness of the Quran in two important commentaries of the two sects, Tafsir al-Kashef and Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim. Findings show that Moghniyeh and Shaltut, by accepting the comparative comprehensiveness, have considered the religion of Islam and the Holy Quran to include the previous religions and divine books, and rejecting the maximum comprehensiveness, believe that the application of Quranic verses to the rules of natural sciences, due to the fact that these sciences are prone to error and change, causes the transmission of the error and change to the Quran.
Both commentators consider the references of the Quran to the generalities of some sciences and arts in the direction of human guidance and have thus accepted the moderation-guidance comprehensiveness of the Quran.
In addition, both thinkers have rejected the minimal view of the comprehensiveness of the Quran and have considered various sciences and arts to be effective in understanding the verses of the Quran, provided that they are not a criterion for understanding the Quran. They have also given an explanatory role to the Quran in three areas of beliefs, rules and ethics. Moreover, they have considered the Quran as a book of guidance for human beings in individual and social life.