Tissue Culture Process, Adaptation and Maturation of Gladiolus Corms in order to Produce Fusarium Resistant Corms by Genetic Engineering

Gladiolus is one of the most widely used cut flowers in Iran and mainly they were produced by corm, but due to the long production time to reproduce commercial corm, they are imported from the Netherlands to Iran. The use of the micropropagation method in many plants is effective to further accelerate the propagation phase in the first stage and play a major role in shortening the propagation time and cost by increasing uniformity and preventing soil contamination due to corm imports. In this article, the stages of tissue culture, adaptation and maturation of gladiolus corms in order to get the resistance to Fusarium sp. by gene transformation were mentioned. The use of different parts of the culture, especially corms and tissue culture cormels with a combination of growth regulators containing less auxin and more cytokinin can, directly and indirectly, cause shoot production, rooting and ultimately corm production. Using larger glasses and more sucrose in culture media have effective roles in the retention of the cormels in the stages of adaptation to maturation. Reducing the dormancy by combining gibberellin and cold and using the soil with the precise combination has shortened the time of maturity corms and produce a suitable corm with a commercial size to complete the gene transformation cycle.