The Model of Achievements of Developing Psychological Capital in Organizations through a Combined Approach of Meta-Analysis and Interpretive -Structural Modeling

Having hope, optimism, self-efficacy and resilience are constructive mental states whose individual, group and organizational results have been studied in many studies. The present study is a systematic and comprehensive study of these studies and recognizes the causal relationships between these results. This is a descriptive, applied and quantitative research. First, the consequences of psychological capital from 40 articles published in Iranian scientific-research journals in the period of 2011 to the fall of 2019 have been identified, extracted and prioritized by meta-analysis. Then, with the interpretive structural modeling technique and based on the opinions of 12 managers and experts of the General Department of Cooperation and Support of the Ministry of Education, the ranking and the pattern of relations between them are presented. Psychological capital had a significant effect on all 40 outcomes studied. These outcomes were classified into three categories with high, medium and low effect sizes. Among these, the variables of job attachment, reduction of deviant behavior, organizational identity, organizational citizenship behavior, organizational accountability and social responsibility had the greatest effect. The study of causal relationships between these outcomes also showed that job attachment and organizational identity had the most impact and the reduction of deviant behavior and organizational citizenship behavior had the most influence. Accordingly, developing of psychological capital can lead to valuable outcomes in the emotional, attitudinal, behavioral, and performance-related fields.