Lexical Critique of Abdul Haq Dehlvi's Translation of Fotuh Al-Ghayb (Relying on the Semantic-Linguistic Level of Garces' Theory)

Vocabulary critique is one of the critiques used to evaluate translations of various texts. Garces' (1994) theory is one of the most comprehensive models presented in this type of critique, which radically evaluates the quality of translation and is based on the principle of equality between the source and destination text at four levels: semantic-lexical, syntactic-explicit, discourse-role, and style-cognitive purpose. This research intends to evaluate and critique the lexical choices of Mohaddith Dehlavi's translation of Fotuh al-Ghayb based on the semantic-lexical level of Garces' model by a descriptive-analytical method. For this purpose, after a brief introduction of Mohaddith Dehlavi and his translation, Garces' theory is briefly explained, and then the applicable cases of this theory are mentioned in detail in separate titles on the examples taken from the book. The findings of this study show that the terms of Dehlavi's translation can be evaluated and criticized from the perspective of the components of Garces' theory. In addition to being interpretive, this translation contains many instances of equivalence and similarity, lexical expansion, and ambiguity.