Optimization of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Eextraction of Caper (Capparis spinosa) Leaves and Roots Assisted by Ultrasonic Waves

Herbals have effective components such as phenolic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant. There are many methods to extract these compounds include soxhlet, maceration, microwave and ultrasound. Kind of method extraction is effective to quantity and quality material extracted. The aim of this study was survey of ultrasound extraction efficacy in phenolics, antimicrobial and antioxidants of leaves and roots of Capparis spinosa L. Response surface methodology (RSM) and Box–Behnken design were employed for the optimization of two extraction parameters, including extraction time (10, 25, 40 min) and ultrasound power (40, 70, 100 %) by alcoholic extraction. The results showed ultrasound power was more effective factor than time. By increasing of ultrasound power and the time of extraction the yield increased. The optimum extraction conditions for antioxidant and antimicrobial extraction were as follows: extraction time 36 min and ultrasound power 91 percent. Total phenolic content was obtained 25.47 mg/g in leave and 17.24 mg/g in root and IC50 was 9.13 µg/mg in leave and 40.20 µg/mg in root. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were less in coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus when compared to E.coli.