Evaluation of Patients with Esophageal Perforation in Babol Hospitals Concerning Clinical Factors, Treatment and Complications during Years 2002-2015

Esophageal perforation is a life threatening condition, which is considered as a surgical emergency. Delayed diagnosis can cause a significant increase in mortality. Therefore, it requires early diagnosis and appropriate treatment but due to the similarity to other diseases, diagnosis remains difficult and despite the many studies, treatment is still controversial. The Purpose of this study is Evaluation of patients with esophageal perforation concerning clinical factors, treatment and complications in Babol hospitals during years 2002-2015.

In this descriptive cross-sectional study, all patients with esophageal rupture who have been hospitalized in the affiliated hospitals of Babol city from 2002-2015 were studied. Inclusion criteria in this study are all patients with esophageal rupture for various reasons. Exclusion criteria are lack of access to patients' files. Diagnosis is based on medical history, clinical studies, and paraclinical information, including radiology. Patients' files were extracted from the hospital archives and patient information was entered in the form of a checklist. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 by T-Test and chi-square tests.

From 2002 to 2015, 63% of 27 patients with esophageal perforation has been treated late (>24 hours). The predominant etiology was foreign body 18cases 66.7% followed by iatrogenic 4 cases 14.8%, and in 74% the localization was thoracic, in 14 cases 51.9% and 13 cases 48.1% clinical symptoms were chest pain and disphagia at the time of admittion. In 11cases 40.7% and 10cases 37% primary repair and conservative therapy, respectively, was considered the first choice. There was only one death 3.7% in a Patient who had referred 10 days after the onset of symptoms with aortoesophageal fistula.

In this study, the main cause of mortality was esophageal rupture due to delayed treatment of patients and the choice of appropriate treatment according to the patient's condition (interval between onset of symptoms and time of referral, location of rupture, cause of rupture of clinical symptoms and underlying pathology Mary) has been.