Reduced criminal liability for free crimes in Iranian criminal policy and the British legal system

From the point of view of criminal law, the commission of a crime or any violation of criminal laws and regulations does not lead to responsibility alone, but in order for the perpetrator to be considered morally and socially punishable, a series of conditions must be met at the same time. ; The occurrence of criminal behavior must be accompanied by the knowledge and awareness of the perpetrator of the illegality of the act. In such a way that if these two elements are excluded from the conditions of committing a crime, the criminal punishment of the perpetrator will be reduced and will not be applicable. The present research is a problem-oriented applied research in terms of purpose and is documentary in terms of data collection method and analyzes the collected information analytically and descriptively. Findings of the study emphasize the hypothesis that the basis of the reduced responsibility of the innocent in committing crimes, in the light of mental disorders and abnormalities, the psychological function of the person suffers, is evaluated and examined. Both Iranian and British legal systems are accepted. However, the Iranian legislature, rather than dealing with the terms and conditions of the defense of insanity and its effects, has contented itself with stating that insanity removes the responsibility of the perpetrator. Based on the results, insanity has been accepted as one of the factors removing criminal responsibility in both the Iranian and British legal systems.