Designing a Model for Community-Based Disaster Management Using Meta-Synthesis Approach

The crisis management process in Iran has had many fluctuations. One of the challenges in this regard is to achieve an effective crisis management system and its successful implementation. A review on the experience of dealing with natural disasters in Iran shows that different governments have focused their efforts on coping and reconstruction in the crisis management cycle, while social participation to reduce crises in the form of community-based crisis management is a new and growing approaches that can control or minimize the damages caused by unforeseen events. Therefore, this study was conducted aiming at identifying the dimensions, components and indicators of community-based crisis management with a meta-synthesis approach. The research is applied in terms of purpose and is considered a in terms of the nature of the data and the method is a qualitative research using a meta-synthesis approach that explores new issues and metaphors by combining different literatures. Therefore, the data obtained from the systematic review of related studies in the last two decades in crisis management with a community-based approach, totally 106 sources, were selected for analysis and the research conceptual framework was designed with 3 dimensions, 11 components, and 54 indicators. The final indices were prioritized using Shannon Entropy Method. The results showed the indices of the role of people, participation of NGOs, public education, empathy, cooperation and intimacy, mass media in education, reflection of real needs of the people by the mass media during the crisis, employment of the local people in the reconstruction process, the role of mass media after the crisis, raising public awareness, encouraging people participation, honesty and transparency of the media, commitment, and social network are the most important factors respectively. Therefore, developing a spirit of cooperation and motivating participation among the people is one of the best ways to reduce vulnerability to natural disasters.