Recognizing Shiite biographers and examining the growth factors of the writing of the Prophetic biography among the Shiites in the third and fourth centuries (AH)

Writing the Prophetic biography is one of the writing interests of Muslims in the first centuries of Islam, which has always been influenced by various historical factors and contexts. Here, the issue is the study of the books of the Prophetic biography and the character of the Shiite biographers in the third and fourth centuries and the extent of the influence of the Abbasid system in social and cultural fields. Choosing of this period is due to the importance of the multiplicity of prophetic biographies in this period, which later became a source for references by later writers. The present article seeks to answer the question of what factors in the third and fourth centuries, influenced the growth of prophetic biography among the Shiites. Findings show that the actions and attitudes of some Abbasid caliphs, including Ma’mun, Mu’tasim and Wasiq in the years 198 to 232 AH, which were in the era of power and the peak of them, was able to provide a good atmosphere for the writers of Sira and this indicates the growth Culture and civilization in this era. On the other hand, the reign of Al-Buwayh played a significant role in the prosperity and attraction of scholars and writers, and their support led to the further publication of books and the promotion of culture in the form of religion. Meanwhile, political uprisings and disputes, as well as the influence of the Turks in the territory of the Abbasid Caliphate, had a significant impact on the weakness and decline of Islamic civilization and culture, and weakened the foundations of the government and finally accelerated its overthrow.