Identifying the causal model of urban public spaces with passive defense approach (Case study: Tabriz

Passive defense, which is a new approach in urban crisis planning, its nature is based on reducing the effects of the crisis using civilian methods. In this regard, observing the principles of passive defense against threats is one of the most basic principles in order to achieve the desired standards of urban comfort, and in principle, attention to passive defense of cities against external threats has always been considered since the beginning of cities. One of the main elements in the city that is very important in the discussion of passive defense management, especially in the post-crisis period, is urban public spaces. The aim of this study was to identify the causal model of urban public spaces with passive defense approach. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population of this study consisted of experts. Experts were selected by snowball method from among university professors and active researchers. The statistical sample size of the research is 25 urban planning experts and specialists. In order to achieve the research goal, fuzzy dimethyl technique was used. Findings of the study showed that based on D-R values, among the ten criteria identified, the criterion of access to main thoroughfares with a value of (1.034) was the most effective criterion for locating urban public spaces with a passive defense approach. Also, based on D + R values, the building density criterion with a value of 2.908 was identified as the most important criterion. Among the other results of this study, according to the obtained D-R values, among the ten criteria examined, six criteria were considered in the cause group and four criteria in the disabled group.Passive defense, which is a new approach in urban crisis planning, its nature is based on reducing the effects of the crisis using civilian methods. In this regard, observing the principles of passive defense against threats is one of the most basic principles in order to achieve the desired standards of urban comfort, and in principle, attention to passive defense of cities against external threats has always been considered since the beginning of cities. One of the main elements in the city that is very important in the discussion of passive defense management, especially in the post-crisis period, is urban public spaces. The aim of this study was to identify the causal model of urban public spaces with passive defense approach. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population of this study consisted of experts. Experts were selected by snowball method from among university professors and active researchers. The statistical sample size of the research is 25 urban planning experts and specialists. In order to achieve the research goal, fuzzy dimethyl technique was used. Findings of the study showed that based on D-R values, among the ten criteria identified, the criterion of access to main thoroughfares with a value of (1.034) was the most effective criterion for locating urban public spaces with a passive defense approach. Also, based on D + R values, the building density criterion with a value of 2.908 was identified as the most important criterion. Among the other results of this study, according to the obtained D-R values, among the ten criteria examined, six criteria were considered in the cause group and four criteria in the disabled group.Passive defense, which is a new approach in urban crisis planning, its nature is based on reducing the effects of the crisis using civilian methods. In this regard, observing the principles of passive defense against threats is one of the most basic principles in order to achieve the desired standards of urban comfort, and in principle, attention to passive defense of cities against external threats has always been considered since the beginning of cities. One of the main elements in the city that is very important in the discussion of passive defense management, especially in the post-crisis period, is urban public spaces. The aim of this study was to identify the causal model of urban public spaces with passive defense approach. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population of this study consisted of experts. Experts were selected by snowball method from among university professors and active researchers. The statistical sample size of the research is 25 urban planning experts and specialists. In order to achieve the research goal, fuzzy dimethyl technique was used. Findings of the study showed that based on D-R values, among the ten criteria identified, the criterion of access to main thoroughfares with a value of (1.034) was the most effective criterion for locating urban public spaces with a passive defense approach. Also, based on D + R values, the building density criterion with a value of 2.908 was identified as the most important criterion. Among the other results of this study, according to the obtained D-R values, among the ten criteria examined, six criteria were considered in the cause group and four criteria in the disabled group.