Investigation the effect of environmental parameters on mangrove ecosystems using satellite images

Mangrove forests have faced serious challenges in the last two decades due to climate change. Therefore, continuous monitoring of these ecosystems at local and regional levels is necessary to prioritize management measures and provide the desired infrastructure to reduce and/or prevent these tensions. In this study, mangrove forest changes between 2020-2013 were evaluated using satellite images (Landsat 8), HYCOM Data, and meteorological data from meteorological ground stations in the Persian Gulf and the Oman Sea. The results of the study indicate the trend of increasing the Sea surface temperature of the Oman Sea by 0.12 and the Persian Gulf by 0.2 ° C. The Sea surface salinity of the Oman Sea is increasing at a faster rate compared to the Persian Gulf. The average salinity is higher in the Persian Gulf. On the other hand, according to the NDVI index, the rate of change of chlorophyll content of plants in mangrove ecosystems on the coasts of the Persian Gulf was higher than the Oman Sea. The correlation between NDVI index and air temperature, precipitation and Sea surface temperature showed that these factors had the highest influence on the process of mangrove forest changes in the Persian Gulf and the Oman Sea. However, this impact was different in different regions. Mangrove in Qeshm region had the greatest effect (with 0.8 R2 for air temperature and 0.3 R2 Sea surface temperature). Mangrove ecosystems of Chabahar coast have shown the lowest correlation with these parameters