A New Look into the Ontology, Position and Nature of the Soul in Transcendent Theosophy (outcomes & consequences)

Self-knowledge and the ontological position of soul in the worlds of being have always been the focus of attention among Muslim philosophers. In the peripatetic explanation in the course of descending arc of existence, man’s soul comes after the creation of natural world or along with it. In the course of ascending arc of existence, the destination of man’s journey is to reach the Acquired Intellect where human soul goes to be transformed into all cognitive forms i.e. the intellectual world goes similar to the concrete world. In his Illumination philosophy in the course of descending arc, Suhrawardi considers the position of the soul at the end of the system of light whose specific deity (archetype), holy Gabriel, has created it. In its ascending arc, he says that the destination of man’s journey is to reach the world of light and incorporeal substances where the soul becomes part of the holy world. In his last viewpoint, Mulla Sadra argues, through some specific incorporeality along with its unity and identity in the course of descending arc, man’s soul may descend from the divine world to the intellects, the imagined and then to the material world. In the course of ascending arc, the soul is able to get into the divine world, again.