Effects of platelet‑rich plasma local injection on dentin sialo protein and dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1 levels of secretion in gingival sulcular fluid during orthodontic movement in animal samples

Prolonged orthodontic treatment causes complications such as root resorption, gingivitis, and caries. Platelet‑rich plasma (PRP) can accelerate the dental movements of orthodontic treatments. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of local PRP injection on the secretion of dentin sialoprotein (DSP) and dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein (DMP1) biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid during orthodontic movements in animal samples.

In this experimental study, one maxillary quadrant of six beagle dogs was randomly selected as the experimental group, and the other side was considered as the control group. Afterward, maxillary of the first premolars was extracted, and then, a titanium nickel coil spring (150 g) was then used between the second premolar and the canine. PRP that was previously activated with CaCl 2‑thrombin was injected intraligaman to the experimental side at days 0, 21, and 42. Moreover, the mixture of the CaCl 2‑thrombin with placebo was injected in to the control side. The study period was 63 days. Sampling was performed on days 0, 1, 2, 7, 21, 42, and 63. Then, in all the samples, the DSP and DMP1 level was measured using special kits by ELISA method. Data were analyzed by the analysis of variance and t‑test.

Upon the application of orthodontic forces, the mean DMP1 and DSP levels in the experimental group at different times were significantly increased compared to the control group (P < 0.001).

PRP injection enhanced DMP1 and DSP level with probable rise in the rate of root resorption.