Explaining the effect of the physical space and architecture of schools on academic enthusiasm (case study: students of the first level of secondary schools in Qazvin city)

Academic achievement and success of students and related factors is one of the priorities of research in education. One of the basic concepts in children's and adolescents' education is the concept of academic enthusiasm. Students' academic enthusiasm is a variable that is vital to learning to the extent that it is taught as an important factor in learning. Students' enthusiasm for school can affect the quality of their education. One of the effective educational factors in the modern education system is the educational environment that paying attention to its physical components can play a major role in the formation of behavior, including motivation and enthusiasm of students in these environments. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the environmental components affecting students 'academic enthusiasm and to investigate the relationship between the physical components of the educational environment and the components of students' academic enthusiasm in schools.Research question: By using which physical components and which design considerations can the academic enthusiasm of high school students be promoted in educational environments?

The present study is applied in terms of purpose and survey in terms of methodology. The statistical population of this study is the first grade high school students in Qazvin, among which 227 students from six schools were selected as the sample population by systematic random sampling. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. Which was set in two parts: assessing the quality of the components of the educational environment with 21 items and measuring students' academic enthusiasm with 12 items. This questionnaire was obtained based on a study of research background and a survey of experts, whose face validity was measured by professors in this field and statistical validity was calculated through Cronbach's alpha. The findings were analyzed using SPSS 20 software using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis.

In the present study, by examining different theories and summarizing and classifying them, knowledge of environmental components affecting students' academic achievement was obtained based on the literature. The results of this stage of the research  showed that environmental components affecting students' academic achievement can be divided into three general categories: "physical components"  "architectural components" and finally "symbolic components". The results show that there is a direct and significant relationship between the components of the educational environment including: physical, architectural and academic enthusiasm components of students including cognitive, motivational and behavioral enthusiasm, the highest amount of which is related to the effect of architectural components and behavioral components with correlation coefficient of 0.764 and also the lowest amount is related to the relationship between symbolic component and emotional component with correlation coefficient of 0.527. The total correlation coefficient between the components of the educational environment and students' academic enthusiasm is 0.779, indicating a strong positive and significant relationship between the research variables. The results of this study confirmed the researches on designing and tailoring the environment on students' learning. According to the research findings, with increasing the quality of environmental components in schools, academic engagement in students also increases.