Rigid Vegetation Density Impact on Wave Force and Height Reduction in the Shoreline

Given the impact of vegetation on waves and turbulence, which significantly affects beaches, however, the impact of different densities on energy reduction and attenuation has not yet been well understood. In this paper, the effects of different characteristics of vegetation, density, distances and type of arrangement on power reduction and wave damping are investigated. Accordingly, as the density increases (increasing the coverage line and decreasing the distance), more force (62.38% in the most dense state) was obtained from the waves.The rate of absorbed force as drag of vegetation called dimensionless parameter Ft, was augmented by increasing the wave height in both the rectangular and triangular layouts. As the density increases and the number of force coatings increases, the Ft ratio became greater than one. Higher coverage densities result in smaller wave Transmition coefficient and lower wave height. The reduction in wave height is not linearly, its related to vegetation density. As the vegetation density increases from 32 to 66, the wave height decreases by 20% after the cover. According to the achieved diagrams, the difference between altered and non-coverage densities was significant for the highest wave height (wave 12) and was negligible for waves 6 and 9.