Integration of finite element method and inclined planes system optimization algorithm in minimizing groundwater level reduction

Groundwater resource management to meet human water needs and reduce the drop in groundwater levels due to uncontrolled abstraction, is one of the important issues of the country. Therefore, in this study, the simulation-optimization model (FEM-IPO) was used to manage the operation of the aquifer. The mathematical model of the aquifer groundwater flow was performed using finite element numerical simulation. In order to find the optimal location of wells and reduce the drop level, the optimal model of the aquifer was prepared using the slope algorithm. The results show that the western and northwestern areas of the plain have more potential for digging pumping wells. Also in the studied aquifer and according to the defined water requirement, 5 wells located on the west and northwest sides with a maximum drop of 28.49 meters has been the most optimal model for exploiting the aquifer. In this study, the water level calculated by the finite element model was compared with the observational water level of the model, so that the relative error and the root mean square error were 0.00024 and 0.224, respectively, which indicates the high accuracy of the model. Also, due to high accuracy, efficiency and time saving in modeling, FEM-IPO model can be used as a model for optimal operation of the aquifer.