Elucidation and Criticize Elements of Spirituality in the Eyes of Kees Waaijman

The term "spirituality" has many meanings in the West. The evolution of this word started from a traditional meaning in line with the Bible in the fifth century and continued until the acquisition of the opposite meaning of physical and material in later centuries and the acquisition of psychological, social, political and health concepts in the thirteenth to twentieth centuries. Numerous researchers have worked in the field of spirituality. Among them are the books and articles of Case and Ayman, a professor at Bloom Fontaine University and an Old Testament researcher at the university. According to Case and Ayman, three main elements for spirituality can be identified and introduced: 1. The process of the relationship between God and man, which occurs in a moment of the relationship between the two divine and human poles. 2. Gradual process in the sense that the two poles of human and divine are gradually connected. And at this stage, God gradually manifests himself with human beings. 3. Transformation and evolution, in the sense that the process of communication between the two human and divine poles causes the transformation and evolution of human essence. This article, in a descriptive-analytical method, while explaining the different meanings of spirituality from the perspective of “safe” and criticizing their point of view, seeks to answer the question of what are the elements of spirituality? Also in this article, three elements introduced by him have been examined.