Exploring the Frequency and Relationship of Underlying Diseases in COVID-19 Patients with the Prognosis of Patients During Hospitalization From February 2020 to September 2021

Corona virus is a single-stranded RNA virus that has affected places with high population density. Middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases seem to be at risk of respiratory failure and may have a poorer prognosis. In order to diminish the mortality caused by this disease and determine the impact of underlying factors on the consequences of patients, we decided to investigate the frequency of underlying diseases and its relationship with the prognosis of patients.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on COVID-19 patients between of February 2020 to September 2021 at Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital. After data collection, underlying diseases and their effect on prognosis during hospitalization of patients were studied and descriptive as well as analytical statistics were extracted.

In this study, 158 cases were examined. Most of the underlying diseases in the patients were hypertension and diabetes. Eighty point four percent of patients had at least one underlying disease. In the meantime, was a significant relationship between oxygen saturation level and deterioration criteria (P<0.05). Meanwhile, a significant relationship was observed between the age of patients with the need for mechanical ventilation and mortality (P<0.05). Kidney diseases, diabetes and high blood pressure as well as the presence and number of underlying diseases with poor prognosis the need for mechanical ventilation and also death had a significant relationship (P<0.05).

A high percentage of people with COVID-19 are elderly and have underlying diseases, some of which are associated with bad prognosis and high mortality. Multiple underlying diseases are also a predisposing factor for worse prognosis and high mortality. To this end, the care and treatment of these people is very important.