Differentialisation of legal persons criminal procedure; necessety, principles , conditions

Differential proceeding has different aspects and objectives. Despite completing the general rules of criminal procedure and eliminating the insufficiencies ,this model of criminal procedure may have some other objectives such as orbital security, increased punishment in some special cases, the consideration of legal persons , the protection of human personality in criminal process and effective confrontation with new forms and methods of committing crime.The subject of this study is to analyze the necessities and principles in this field and to present specific criteria for investigating legal person’s crimes in accordance with analytical-descriptive. Some of the necessities of this differentiation include the guarantee of rights of the parties of the case, the consideration of changes in committing crime practices ,the prediction of appropriate tools for the criminal process, the structural differences of a legal person compared to an natural person , and the principle of equal weapons. considering the innocence principle and exceptional acceptance of the criminal responsibility of legal persons forms the important legislative basis for regulation in this type of procedure. A correct insight from criminal justice practitioners and other active practitioners of these principles plays an effective role in the interpretation of law, fair trial achievement and the protection of the rights of individuals and society. The temporal and spatial unity of crime, a commonality in the charge between the legal representatives and the legal person and the similarity between the reference and the judicial authority are the common rules of this kind of proceeding. However, predicting the explanation of charges, particular criminal guarantee votes, derivative and exceptional criminal responsibility for legal persons, a different punishment regimen and the right to protest and an independent defense against judicial decisions and opinions are considered as specific rules of a legal person’s proceedings.